Romance scams are emotional heists. They don’t start with a ski mask. They start with "Hey, beautiful" and end with a drained bank account. As a fraud investigator, I've seen these scams play out across every platform you can imagine. Social media, dating apps, online games, email threads. You name it, they’re running it.
And the kicker? The price tag. Romance scams are not just common. They are some of the most expensive scams hitting Americans today.
Let’s unpack how they work, who gets targeted, and how to stop falling for a love story written by a criminal.
The Cost of “Love”
In 2023 alone, people in the U.S. reported losing over one billion dollars to romance scams. That’s not a typo. Over 64,000 people came forward. The median loss was about two thousand dollars. But here’s the real gut punch. Some victims lost their entire savings, with individual losses hitting six or even seven figures.
In fact, romance scams now rank as the top fraud type for total financial losses reported to the FTC. That trend is holding strong into 2024 and beyond. The FTC says romance scams led to 823 million dollars in reported losses in 2024 so far. The FBI places the average loss per victim even higher at around thirty-six thousand dollars.
The bottom line? These scammers aren't sending cheesy love poems. They’re draining retirement accounts.
How the Scam Really Works
Romance scammers have a playbook. It’s calculated, rehearsed, and cruel. Here’s how it usually goes down.
Step 1: The Approach
It starts with a message. You might get a DM on Instagram. A like on your dating profile. A “friend request” from someone who looks like a model. But that’s not a real person. It’s a fake identity using stolen photos. Often it’s a military officer, a successful businessperson, or someone working overseas.
Step 2: The Hook
They message constantly. Compliment you. Ask about your day. Mirror your interests. Within days, they’re talking about soulmates, marriage, and forever. This is not love. It’s called love bombing. And it’s a psychological weapon.
Step 3: The Excuse
Now the excuses start. They say they can’t video call. Their camera is broken. They’re on an oil rig. They’re deployed in the military. Whatever the story is, it always ends with the same thing. They can’t meet you. Not yet.
Step 4: The Ask
The scammer builds up to a crisis. A medical emergency. A sick child. A frozen bank account. A fake investment opportunity. Suddenly they need your help. They beg. They promise to pay you back. They might even show you screenshots of fake bank transfers or fake investment returns.
And just like that, the scammer is in your wallet.
Step 5: The Drain
Once you send money, they keep asking for more. If you stop responding, they guilt trip you. Some even threaten to expose private photos in a tactic known as sextortion. Others use victims as money mules, tricking them into laundering stolen funds without even knowing it.
Who Gets Targeted?
You might think this only happens to older adults or people who are not tech-savvy. That’s not true. These scammers go after everyone.
- Older adults (especially women over 50) tend to lose the most money.
- Younger adults and teens are often targeted with sextortion or crypto investment romance scams.
- Men and women both get scammed, but in different ways. Men may fall for investment-style cons. Women may fall for emotional and caregiving scams.
- Military impersonation scams are a whole category on their own. Scammers steal photos of real servicemembers to build fake identities and gain trust.
The Tools of the Trade
Scammers are not just smooth talkers. They are tech-savvy and organized. Many of them work in coordinated rings out of West Africa, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Europe. They use fake websites, stolen identities, AI chatbots, and money laundering pipelines.
They often instruct victims to send money through:
- Cryptocurrency
- Bank wire transfers
- Gift cards
- Peer-to-peer payment apps like Zelle or Cash App
What You Can Do to Spot It
Here are the red flags that scream romance scam:- They ask for money before you meet them in person.
- They refuse video calls or only show blurry footage.
- They fall in love way too fast.
- They ask for cryptocurrency, gift cards, or wire transfers.
- They have a sob story that gets worse every time you talk.
Prevention and Recovery Tips
- Never send money to someone you haven’t met in real life.
- Use reverse image search to check their photos for signs of identity theft.
- Ask questions and pay attention to inconsistencies.
- Talk to someone you trust before making any financial moves.
- Report it to ReportFraud.ftc.gov and IC3.gov.
Final Takeaway
Romance scammers are not just out for a quick payday. They are running long cons that cost people their money, their dignity, and their trust. The emotional damage runs just as deep as the financial loss.
But knowledge is power. The more we expose their tactics, the fewer people they can deceive. So if something feels too good to be true, investigate. Ask questions. And never forget that real love does not ask for a wire transfer.